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Registro Completo |
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Solos. |
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Data corrente: |
16/09/2021 |
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Data da última atualização: |
16/09/2021 |
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Tipo da produção científica: |
Artigo em Periódico Indexado |
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Autoria: |
BIGHI, K. N.; PAULA, R. R.; CALDEIRA, M. V. W.; BURAK, D. L.; MENDONÇA, E. de S.; SOUZA, P. H. de; DELARMELINA, W. M.; BALIEIRO, F. de C. |
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Afiliação: |
KELLY NERY BIGHI, UFES; RANIERI RIBEIRO PAULA, UFES; MARCOS VINÍCIUS WINCKLER CALDEIRA, UFES; DIEGO LANG BURAK, UFES; EDUARDO DE SÁ MENDONÇA, UFES; PAULO HENRIQUE DE SOUZA, IFMG; WILLIAM MACEDO DELARMELINA, IFES; FABIANO DE CARVALHO BALIEIRO, CNPS. |
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Título: |
Nitrogen pools in tropical plantations of N2-fixing and non-N2-fixing legume trees under different tree stand densities. |
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Ano de publicação: |
2021 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
Nitrogen, v. 2, n. 1, p. 86-98, 2021. |
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DOI: |
https://doi.org/10.3390/nitrogen2010006 |
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Idioma: |
Inglês |
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Conteúdo: |
We investigated the nitrogen pools in monocultures of legume species widely used in reforestation in Brazil that have contrasting growth and nitrogen acquisition strategies. The plantations were established with the slow-growing and N2-fixing tree Anadenanthera peregrina var. peregrina, and the fast-growing and non-fixing tree Schizolobium parahyba var. amazonicum. The measurements of N pools in the tree biomass and the soil followed standard methods and were carried out on 54 experimental plots. The N2 fixation pools were evaluated by abundance natural of 15N and the N accretion methods. The soil N content was of similar magnitude between species and stand densities. The species showed similar amounts of N in the biomass, but divergent patterns of N accumulation, as well as the 15N signature on the leaves. S. parahyba accumulated most N in the stem, while A. peregrina accumulated N in the roots and leaves. However, the N accumulation in biomass of A. peregrina stand was less constrained by environment than in S. parahyba stands. The percentage of N derived from N2 fixation in A. peregrina stands decreased with the increase of stand density. The biological N2 fixation estimates depended on the method and the response of tree species to environment. |
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Palavras-Chave: |
15N natural abundance; Functional traits; N2 biological fixation. |
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Thesagro: |
Fixação de Nitrogênio; Floresta; Reflorestamento. |
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Thesaurus Nal: |
Forest plantations; Forest restoration; Nitrogen balance; Nitrogen fixation. |
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Categoria do assunto: |
P Recursos Naturais, Ciências Ambientais e da Terra |
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URL: |
https://ainfo.cnptia.embrapa.br/digital/bitstream/item/226110/1/Nitrogen-pools-in-tropical-plantations-2021.pdf
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Marc: |
LEADER 02309naa a2200337 a 4500
001 2134497
005 2021-09-16
008 2021 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
024 7 $ahttps://doi.org/10.3390/nitrogen2010006$2DOI
100 1 $aBIGHI, K. N.
245 $aNitrogen pools in tropical plantations of N2-fixing and non-N2-fixing legume trees under different tree stand densities.$h[electronic resource]
260 $c2021
520 $aWe investigated the nitrogen pools in monocultures of legume species widely used in reforestation in Brazil that have contrasting growth and nitrogen acquisition strategies. The plantations were established with the slow-growing and N2-fixing tree Anadenanthera peregrina var. peregrina, and the fast-growing and non-fixing tree Schizolobium parahyba var. amazonicum. The measurements of N pools in the tree biomass and the soil followed standard methods and were carried out on 54 experimental plots. The N2 fixation pools were evaluated by abundance natural of 15N and the N accretion methods. The soil N content was of similar magnitude between species and stand densities. The species showed similar amounts of N in the biomass, but divergent patterns of N accumulation, as well as the 15N signature on the leaves. S. parahyba accumulated most N in the stem, while A. peregrina accumulated N in the roots and leaves. However, the N accumulation in biomass of A. peregrina stand was less constrained by environment than in S. parahyba stands. The percentage of N derived from N2 fixation in A. peregrina stands decreased with the increase of stand density. The biological N2 fixation estimates depended on the method and the response of tree species to environment.
650 $aForest plantations
650 $aForest restoration
650 $aNitrogen balance
650 $aNitrogen fixation
650 $aFixação de Nitrogênio
650 $aFloresta
650 $aReflorestamento
653 $a15N natural abundance
653 $aFunctional traits
653 $aN2 biological fixation
700 1 $aPAULA, R. R.
700 1 $aCALDEIRA, M. V. W.
700 1 $aBURAK, D. L.
700 1 $aMENDONÇA, E. de S.
700 1 $aSOUZA, P. H. de
700 1 $aDELARMELINA, W. M.
700 1 $aBALIEIRO, F. de C.
773 $tNitrogen$gv. 2, n. 1, p. 86-98, 2021.
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Registro original: |
Embrapa Solos (CNPS) |
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 | Acesso ao texto completo restrito à biblioteca da Embrapa Milho e Sorgo. Para informações adicionais entre em contato com cnpms.biblioteca@embrapa.br. |
Registro Completo
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Milho e Sorgo. |
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Data corrente: |
10/12/2002 |
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Data da última atualização: |
19/11/2015 |
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Autoria: |
PAES, M. C. D. |
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Afiliação: |
MARIA CRISTINA DIAS PAES, CNPMS. |
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Título: |
Importance of zein composition in quality protein maize (QPM) to microstructural and chemical modifications of proteins during extrusion and their impact of texture of corn-based extrudates. |
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Ano de publicação: |
2002 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
2002. |
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Páginas: |
138 p. |
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Idioma: |
Inglês |
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Notas: |
Thesis (Doctor) - Colorado State University, Fort Collins. |
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Conteúdo: |
Although several studies have been already carried out to clarify the importance of endosperm corn proteins in corn grain hardness and vitreousness, the role that protein compositional differences plays on the physical properties of texturized corn-based products is still poorly understood. Considering that protein has been shown to have an important impact in extruded food systems, it is important to understand how differences in composition or spatial arrangement of corn endosperm proteins, such as observed in Quality Protein Maize (QPM), can influence changes in polymers and structures during extrusion processing. Therefore, the overall objective of this project was to investigate the effect of the high y-zein content in QPM to chemical, physical, and microstructural changes that occurs in zeins during extrusion and its impact on texture of intermediate corn-based extrudates. There experiments were designed to test the overall scientific hypothesis that high y-zein content in QPM influences chemical modifications of proteins during extrusion and provides different textural properties in corn-based extrudates as compared to normal corn. Overall results of thermal and pasting properties for starch isolated from QPM and normal maize grits showed either no or negligible differences between starch of normal and QPM maize types. This finding allowed maize grits to be used in prospective studies for comparison of possible modifications in proteins during processing. Extrusion caused significant changes in the microstructural organization of major components of the grits and the chemistry of maize proteins. Starch granules lost their orderly structure, gelatinized, and melted to form a continuous matrix, whereas, proteins aggregated into large masses diffused in the gelatinized starch network. The high y-zein content in QPM seems to confer resistance to disruption of protein bodies during extrusion. Therefore, high y-zein rich protein bodies require higher energy input within the extruder for complete disruption than protein bodies found in normal maize. But differences in dispersion of zeins in the system for the two maize types were not identified at high shear conditions evaluated in this study. In general, modifications in protein chemistry were driven by both noncovalent and covalent interactions, although disulfide bonding was apparently more important for the QPM samples. Chemical changes in proteins were identified as an important factor influencing brittleness of the final extrudates. Moisture negatively affected the brittleness of extrudates, regardless of maize type. Higher content of y-zein in QPM likely provided higher strength to maize extrudates thus favoring crispness of extruded maize grits. The use of QPM grits to replace normal grits in the production of extruded corn-based products may promote extended bowl-life of extruded corn flakes as well as enhance crispness of fully expanded snacks. MenosAlthough several studies have been already carried out to clarify the importance of endosperm corn proteins in corn grain hardness and vitreousness, the role that protein compositional differences plays on the physical properties of texturized corn-based products is still poorly understood. Considering that protein has been shown to have an important impact in extruded food systems, it is important to understand how differences in composition or spatial arrangement of corn endosperm proteins, such as observed in Quality Protein Maize (QPM), can influence changes in polymers and structures during extrusion processing. Therefore, the overall objective of this project was to investigate the effect of the high y-zein content in QPM to chemical, physical, and microstructural changes that occurs in zeins during extrusion and its impact on texture of intermediate corn-based extrudates. There experiments were designed to test the overall scientific hypothesis that high y-zein content in QPM influences chemical modifications of proteins during extrusion and provides different textural properties in corn-based extrudates as compared to normal corn. Overall results of thermal and pasting properties for starch isolated from QPM and normal maize grits showed either no or negligible differences between starch of normal and QPM maize types. This finding allowed maize grits to be used in prospective studies for comparison of possible modifications in proteins during processing. Extrusion ... Mostrar Tudo |
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Thesagro: |
Proteína. |
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Categoria do assunto: |
-- |
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Marc: |
LEADER 03488nam a2200145 a 4500
001 1486623
005 2015-11-19
008 2002 bl uuuu m 00u1 u #d
100 1 $aPAES, M. C. D.
245 $aImportance of zein composition in quality protein maize (QPM) to microstructural and chemical modifications of proteins during extrusion and their impact of texture of corn-based extrudates.
260 $a2002.$c2002
300 $a138 p.
500 $aThesis (Doctor) - Colorado State University, Fort Collins.
520 $aAlthough several studies have been already carried out to clarify the importance of endosperm corn proteins in corn grain hardness and vitreousness, the role that protein compositional differences plays on the physical properties of texturized corn-based products is still poorly understood. Considering that protein has been shown to have an important impact in extruded food systems, it is important to understand how differences in composition or spatial arrangement of corn endosperm proteins, such as observed in Quality Protein Maize (QPM), can influence changes in polymers and structures during extrusion processing. Therefore, the overall objective of this project was to investigate the effect of the high y-zein content in QPM to chemical, physical, and microstructural changes that occurs in zeins during extrusion and its impact on texture of intermediate corn-based extrudates. There experiments were designed to test the overall scientific hypothesis that high y-zein content in QPM influences chemical modifications of proteins during extrusion and provides different textural properties in corn-based extrudates as compared to normal corn. Overall results of thermal and pasting properties for starch isolated from QPM and normal maize grits showed either no or negligible differences between starch of normal and QPM maize types. This finding allowed maize grits to be used in prospective studies for comparison of possible modifications in proteins during processing. Extrusion caused significant changes in the microstructural organization of major components of the grits and the chemistry of maize proteins. Starch granules lost their orderly structure, gelatinized, and melted to form a continuous matrix, whereas, proteins aggregated into large masses diffused in the gelatinized starch network. The high y-zein content in QPM seems to confer resistance to disruption of protein bodies during extrusion. Therefore, high y-zein rich protein bodies require higher energy input within the extruder for complete disruption than protein bodies found in normal maize. But differences in dispersion of zeins in the system for the two maize types were not identified at high shear conditions evaluated in this study. In general, modifications in protein chemistry were driven by both noncovalent and covalent interactions, although disulfide bonding was apparently more important for the QPM samples. Chemical changes in proteins were identified as an important factor influencing brittleness of the final extrudates. Moisture negatively affected the brittleness of extrudates, regardless of maize type. Higher content of y-zein in QPM likely provided higher strength to maize extrudates thus favoring crispness of extruded maize grits. The use of QPM grits to replace normal grits in the production of extruded corn-based products may promote extended bowl-life of extruded corn flakes as well as enhance crispness of fully expanded snacks.
650 $aProteína
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